Actually, iCloud not Working on Windows 10 Happens Frequently
1. Apple iCloud not working on Windows 10 because of Windows Defender blockage
In June 2018, some iCloud users had encountered a problem that "appleidav.exe" was blocked. "appleidav.exe" is the primary process when trying to use Apple iCloud app but it is blocked by Windows Defender. Maybe iCloud is trying to change the system default settings, and thus Microsoft anti-virus program view iCloud app as a threat.
Solution: To solve this kind of Windows 10 iCloud problem, you should stop Windows Defender from blocking appleidav.exe of iCloud:
Open Windows Defender Security Center by pressing the Windows Key + I to launch the Settings app, then click on Update & Security, then navigate towards Windows Security > Open Windows Defender Security Center. Then, click on Virus & threat protection, then Virus & threat protection settings. Venture down to Exclusions and select Add or remove exclusions. Finally, you'll see a drop-down menu, just click on the Folder and select the one that says Apple.
2. iCloud for Windows 10 not working because iCloud server is down
Go to Apple's official system status website https://www.apple.com/support/systemstatus/ to find whether the iCloud service operates normally or not. If not, you can't do nothing but wait for its own recovery.
3. The Poor WiFi or Cellular network leads iCloud not working on Windows 10
iCloud is a cloud-based service that needs network to transfer iPhone photos and sync data between iPhone and computer. If the network is weak or unavailable, iCloud would not work normally on Windows 10 as well as iPhone. So, make sure the network is stable and strong.
4. The log-in process causes the Windows 10 iCloud problem
On iPhone: Settings > iCloud > scroll down to tap "Sign Out" > enter a password > select Trun off > again click on "Sign Out".
On Windows 10: Run iCloud on Windows 10 > click on "Sign Out".
Then, try to sign in your iCloud on both iPhone and Windows 10 PC.
5. iCloud for Windows 10 issue is caused by wrong accounts
If you can't remember the iCloud account, you should try to find it back to enable iCloud working on Windows 10. If the Apple ID on your iPhone and iCloud are different, you can't sync data files between iPhone and Windows 10 with different accounts. So, make sure the accounts are same and valid.
6. iCloud for Windows 10 not working due to limited iCloud storage space
iCloud only offers 5GB space for free, so remember to upgrade your storage plan if you have a lot data to sync. Otherwise, iCloud backup would not complete that it won't update any new input data and acts as a useless tool.
7. iCloud not working on Windows 10 because of the incompatibility
When updating your computer to the Windows 10 newest version, often the case that your iCloud is not compatible with the new Windows operating system. You can try to uninstall and reinstall iCloud on Windows 10 to see if it works.